Pregnancy and Coronavirus: What You Need to Know About COVID-19
We want parents to have the most reliable information about COVID-19, so we will update this article with new information as it becomes available.
Pregnancy and COVID-19
Pregnant women’s bodies undergo changes that can cause a bit more susceptibility to some viral infections, but it’s not clear whether or not that includes COVID-19. Currently there are no recommendations specific to pregnant women regarding the evaluation or management of COVID-19. Of course, to be safe, if you’re pregnant take all the usual precautions, like tons of hand washing and steering clear of crowded public places and sick people.
At this time, there are several studies underway about how COVID-19 affects the babies inside too. Some suggest that the virus can cross the placental barrier to reach the fetus in utero. However, other studies find that is very rare and that the risk to the fetus is minimal. In a recent small study of Chinese infants born to mothers infected with COVID-19, none tested positive for COVID-19. But, a new study published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics found that of 33 mothers with COVID-19, three gave birth to babies with COVID-19. Two were born full-term and one was born about 9 weeks premature, but they all recovered within about a week.
What’s the biggest COVID-19 risk to a new family? Probably having both parents get sick, leaving no one to care for the baby. Be extra safe! Stay away from people, wash hands, wear a mask in public…and wash your hands again! And, just in case, have a backup caregiver plan in place.
You can stay healthy…but you have to take all this very seriously.
Should pregnant women plan on self-isolating for longer than the general public to protect their babies from COVID-19?
At this time, we are still learning about COVID-19, particularly related to its effect on pregnant women and infants, and there currently are no recommendations specific to pregnant women regarding the evaluation or management of COVID-19.
To the best of our knowledge, young children do not seem to be very effected by the virus. In limited recent case series of Chinese infants born to mothers infected with COVID-19, none of the infants have tested positive for COVID-19.
Should I skip my prenatal or postnatal appointments?
Social distancing is important—but so is your and your baby’s health! Check with your doctor to find out which appointments might be done virtually. For ultrasounds, tests, and your final prenatal appointments, your OB/GYN will probably want to see you in person, but there might be some appointments that can be done from afar! For in-person appointments, see if you can find a time when you can interact with the fewest number of people. Or you might be able to bypass the waiting room altogether: Ask if you can wait in your car and they can call or text you to let you know the doctor is ready to see you.
What about breastfeeding and coronavirus?
When possible, it is healthiest for babies to breastfeed. Breastmilk contains white blood cells and antibodies that help fight against infection. Moms with COVID-19 (or moms who are getting ill with a cold or fever and cough) should avoid spreading the virus to her infant by washing hands before touching the infant and wearing a face mask, while breastfeeding. It is also advised to wash hands before touching any pump or bottle parts and follow recommendations for proper pump cleaning after each use.
In very limited report to date, no virus has been found in the breastmilk of women infected with COVID-19. (The CDC has developed Interim Guidance on Breastfeeding for a Mother Confirmed or Under Investigation for COVID-19.)
There's a lot of talk about the third trimester right now, but how might COVID-19 affect expecting moms in their first trimester?
Unfortunately, there is so much we don’t understand about how this totally new virus affects children and adults. For example, we don’t know if it might lead to more miscarriages. We know that some viruses (like Zika and German Measles) can cause serious birth defects when contracted during the first trimester, while others (like measles and influenza) do not.
I’m due soon and am nervous about what the hospital situation will look like. Any advice?
We understand this must be a very scary situation to be in with the future being so uncertain. We recommend speaking with the hospital and your OBGYN to learn about special protocols they have in place during this time and recommendations they may have. Many hospitals have banned visitors, and for some hospitals, that includes banning partners and support people in the delivery room.
We are pleased to say we are donating SNOOs to some hospitals to be a 24-hour-a-day “assistant caregiver” to the mom, in her room. That way the mom can get more rest and the nurses don’t have to come in as often, freeing them up to do other important jobs.
I heard some hospitals are inducing women a week early (at 39 weeks). Why are they doing that—and is it safe?
During this COVID-19 crisis, the birth plans of tens of thousands of women across the country are being turned upside-down. Doctors are giving care over the internet, instead of the office and hospital birth centers are limiting or outright banning visitors.
In addition, one new practice that some are trying out is to offer elective early delivery to mothers at the very end of pregnancy (39/40 weeks). The goal of early delivery is to hurry and deliver babies before the tsunami of COVID-19 hits the hospital and adds the risk of maternal coronavirus infection or hospital exposure to all the other issues around newborn delivery and care.
This is an interesting possibility, but early delivery also may cause significant problems. While some research suggests that inductions at 39 weeks may reduce the need for a C-section, another study indicates that it can actually increase the duration a mom and baby have to be in the hospital. (Studies show that induced labor lengthens the birth process.)
Is a home birth safer than a hospital birth right now?
Safe home births require a great deal of planning. You need a great certified nurse midwife and a cooperative community hospital, with an OB back up. If you are late in your pregnancy, and had been planning a hospital birth, I’d recommend sticking with your plan. But you should check with your hospital to find out what protocols are in place to keep you and your baby healthy. If you are seriously considering a home birth, take a look at my advice for planning a safe home birth.
Is now a good time to conceive?
This period will pass. Pandemics don’t last forever, and we will develop vaccines and medical treatments for COVID-19. So, our best guess now is that getting pregnant over the next 6 months should not pose an added risk to mothers or babies. The American Society of Reproductive Medicine has advised that patients suspend new, non-urgent treatments, but you should speak to your doctor to determine the best course of treatment.
How does COVID-19 affect newborns?
We are still learning how COVID-19 affects newborns differently than older children, but we do know that in the first 4 months of life babies are especially vulnerable to illness, and the AAP recently reported that infants are more likely than older children to get severely ill. For more information and for tips about coronavirus and babies and kids, see our parents' guide to COVID-19.
Is it safe to take my newborn to their 3-day checkup?
As you are very well aware, social distancing and avoiding public places is super important. In fact, it is even more important for your health. Fortunately, babies seem to fight the virus better than adults, but if you get seriously ill, it could be devastating. On the other hand, it is definitely important to make sure your baby is healthy and thriving.
Ask your provider for their recommendation: Can they do the exam over the internet? If you have to go to the office, can they meet you at your car, so you don’t have to go inside their building/office? Or, is there is a time of day you can come to be exposed to the fewest people? Many doctors’ offices have special protocols for newborns. And, while you're speaking to your doctor, it would be good to ask what you should do if there is an emergency: Which ER should you go to? Who will meet you there? Is it possible to get a house call? (I know, it's a crazy idea, but you won't know until you ask!)
More COVID-19 information and resources for families:
View more posts tagged, health & safety
Have questions about a Happiest Baby product? Our consultants would be happy to help! Submit your questions here.